Automotive

2018 Kia Stinger: Product & Performance Overview

2018 Kia Stinger: Product & Performance Overview

We saw the Kia Stinger for the first time at the 2017 North American International Auto Show here in Detroit. Its stance was bold, its message clear, and its design nothing short of fantastic. NAIAS 2017 had a multitude of attractions and for us, the Stinger was our top pick. The forthcoming sportback will enter a segment currently dominated by European automakers, but it will be the highest-performing production vehicle in Kia’s history.
Dream Come True
The Stinger, in its present form, descends from the GT concept, first unveiled at the 2011 Frankfurt Motor Show. When the cover was lifted, it sent a wave of inspiration throughout the entire Kia organization.
“Unlike any Kia that has come before it, the Stinger really is a dream car for us and after years of commitment and hard work from a passionate group of designers, engineers, and executives around the world, that dream is now a reality,” said Orth Hedrick, Vice President, Product Planning, Kia Motors America.
According to Kia, The Stinger needed to be many things, yet most of all, it needed to be a genuine Gran Turismo car. Here is a look, piece by piece, of what Kia did to get it there.
The Kia Stinger on display at the 2017 North American International Auto Show, Cobo Center, Detroit, Michigan. Photo: Carl Anthony for Automoblog.net.
Design & Development
The Stinger’s design was overseen by Peter Schreyer, Kia Motors’ Chief Design Officer, and his visionary team in Frankfurt, Germany. Ride and handling responsibilities fell to Albert Biermann, Head of Kia’s Vehicle Test and High Performance Development initiative. His engineering group worked around the clock in Korea but other teams from Europe, the Middle East, Asia, and North and South America joined in. Ultimately, it was on the Nürburgring circuit, a place lately reserved for the 911 GT2 RS and Camaro ZL1, where Kia made their biggest strides.
“From its GT concept-car origins to the years of tuning and refining on the legendary Nürburgring circuit, no detail was too small to be obsessed over, and the result is simply stunning,” Hedrick said.
“I think for the Kia brand, the Stinger is like a special event,” Biermann added. “Because nobody expects such a car, not just the way it looks but also the way it drives.”
Kia’s engineers put the Stinger through nearly 500 laps of high-intensity driving around the Nürburgring, the equivalent of about 6,200 miles. The Stinger’s quality, reliability, and durability testing consisted of aggressive acceleration, followed by rapid deceleration and heavy cornering. The Stinger was repeatedly exposed to the Nürburgring’s 73 corners and 17 percent gradients at nearly 1,000 feet of elevation.
“It’s a whole different animal,” Biermann said of the Stinger after testing concluded.
2018 Kia Stinger GT2 AWD. Photo: Kia Motors America.
Chassis Construction
The foundation for Kia’s Gran Turismo car is a stiff, NVH resistant chassis, comprised of 55 percent advanced high-strength steel. The MacPherson front suspension features large diameter shock absorbers, high-strength wheel bearings, and an aluminum strut brace; the reinforced five-link rear suspension is mounted to a stiffened rear subframe.
The Stinger GT goes a bit farther, with Kia’s first continuously damping, electronically controlled suspension. “Dynamic Stability Damping Control” matches a driver’s inputs and style, responding to road conditions more proactively than a traditional suspension. During tight or aggressive cornering, the front shocks soften and the rear firms up for better handling. Conversely, the system can stiffen the front shocks and soften the rear for improved high-speed stability.
There are five modes: Custom, Eco, Sport, Comfort, and Smart.
Advanced Aerodynamics
The Stinger needed to be more than a pretty face but when it comes to aerodynamics, a fastback design is more challenging than a conventional sedan. To maintain the balance between style and performance, Kia’s Frankfurt R&D center used computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software to test and validate different approaches to the Stinger’s aerodynamic profile.
The body is favored slightly toward the rear while the “gills” behind the front wheel arches reduce wake turbulence as air moves over the flanks. A partially-flat underfloor cover, which flows into the rear diffuser, reduces drag; the rear spoiler, with its “ducktail” shape, reduces lift and increases stability at higher speeds. Special air inlets and curtains help reduce front-end lift and compliment the large, horizontal brake cooling ducts. By continually tweaking the “aerofoil” shape of the Stinger, Kia achieved a drag coefficient of 0.30 Cd.
2018 Kia Stinger GT2 RWD. Photo: Kia Motors America.

Engine & Powertrain
Kia poses it rather well: “if the chassis symbolizes the bones of a gran turismo, then surely the available powertrains represent its heart.” When we first saw the Kia Stinger at NAIAS in January, this really intrgued us. The first available engine is a 2.0-liter twin-scroll turbocharged four-cylinder Theta II plant, producing 255 horsepower (6,200 rpm) and 260 lb-ft. of torque. Torque is available from 1,400 to 4,000 rpm and gives the Stinger a reasonable 0 to 60 time of 5.9 seconds.
The 3.3-liter twin-turbo V6 Lambda II engine packs a bit more punch. Those looking for more snap and grunt will want this engine with its 365 horsepower (6,000 rpm) and top speed of 167 mph. Torque jumps to 376 lb-ft., available from 1,350 to 4,500 rpm. With this engine, the Kia Stinger enters the segment with more power than the Audi S5 Sportback, BMW 440i Gran Coupe, and Infiniti Q50. Further, Kia has chipped away at Porsche’s foundation. With the V6 Lambda II engine, the Stinger GT hits 60 in 4.7 seconds, which is quicker than the six-cylinder Porsche Panamera.
Helping to disperse the power is an 8-speed automatic Kia designed in-house. One of the most notable features is the inclusion of a Centrifugal Pendulum Absorber, normally found on racing, diesel, and aviation applications. The design, accompanied by an oil cooler to mitigate heat, helps prevent torsional vibrations through the drivetrain. Similar to the suspension, five different shift patterns may be selected through the vehicle’s electronic drive-mode system.
Photo: Kia Motors America.
Steering & Braking
The Stinger features a variable ratio, Motor Driven Power Steering system that Kia says offers “razor-sharp feedback.” The setup has the electric motor mounted directly on the steering rack to reduce vibration from the column and to enhance overall response.
The Stinger GT is equipped with Brembo brakes with quad-piston front and dual-piston rear calipers. The monobloc all-aluminum calipers reduce unsprung weight, dissipate heat, and are coupled with large diameter brake discs: 13.8-inches in the front and 13.4-inches in the rear. During development, the Stinger was subjected to multiple runs down the infamous Grossglockner High Alpine Road in the Austrian Alps. The environment is the ideal place to test braking performance.
Interior Treatments
All Stingers come standard with a leather-appointed cabin, although an ultra-soft Nappa leather is available. Air-cell bladders and width-adjusting bolsters are available for the driver’s seat for additional comfort. The center console is split between the infotainment controls, which sit below a large color touchscreen, and the climate controls. The gauges are ringed in metal and accentuated with sweeping red needles; a color TFT screen relays data like cornering G-forces, lap times, and temperatures, along with the trip odometer, driver settings, navigation, and diagnostics.
The Stinger also comes with a generous array of connectivity, infotainment, and entertainment features. An available Harman Kardon 720 watt audio system has an external amplifier, 15 speakers, and under-seat subwoofers.
Pricing & Availability
The 2018 Kia Stinger arrives in December and pricing will be announced closer to that time. The Stinger will be available in either rear-wheel or all-wheel drive.
Carl Anthony is Managing Editor of Automoblog and resides in Detroit, Michigan.
2018 Kia Stinger Gallery

Photos & Source: Kia Motors America.

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Ford Mustang Engineers Show Why Duct Tape Is Awesome

Ford Mustang Engineers Show Why Duct Tape Is Awesome

In 1999, Baz Luhrmann released Everybody’s Free (To Wear Sunscreen), a spoken word, notional commencement speech to a class entering the new millennium. Based on an essay by Chicago Tribune columnist Mary Schmich, “The Suncreen Song” contains nuggets of advice garnered from Luhrmann’s own “meandering experience.” He advises the graduating class to remember compliments, avoid beauty magazines, and spend time with their parents, among other things.
I would add, to Luhrmann’s list of already excellent advice, duct tape. In the song, he says the benefits of sunscreen are proven by scientists. I am sure, at some point in time, there was a study done by scientists on duct tape. It can solve a myriad of problems and no person should be without a roll. It can fix anything.
Human Intuition
Just ask Ford engineers Jonathan Gesek and Mike Del Zio. Despite the computer-generated and data-driven approach to vehicle development today, the human element is still needed. There are times a computer cannot read things the way a human can. After completing a high-speed lap in a prototype Mustang, Del Zio, a vehicle dynamics engineer, noticed the car was not responding to his liking around corners. The latest set of wind tunnel numbers showed everything was fine, but Del Zio was not convinced.
That’s when Gesek, an aerodynamics engineer, slapped a strip of duct tape over the lower grille gap. We are fairly certain (although Ford did not confirm) both engineers applied sunscreen at this time too. That would be logical since they were outside at a race track.
The slice of duct tape over the grille provided a “Band-Aid” fix to what is known as front-end lift. Gesek and Del Zio have devoted hundreds of hours to the aerodynamic performance and efficiency of the new 2018 Mustang. Their work has helped maintain and even improve the Mustang’s EPA fuel economy ratings. In essence, these guys know the Mustang and know it well. And they know when to trust their gut.
“That little strip of tape made all the difference,” Del Zio said.
2018 Ford Mustang. Photo: Ford Motor Company.

Proper Modifications
Mustang’s front-end styling changes include a lowered nose, larger front splitter, and rocker shield. Each element helps keep the car planted while allowing air to flow smoothly underneath. But it all started with a strip of duct tape from a dull gray roll. Granted, you won’t find a new Mustang at the dealership with a slice of the famed adhesive on the front, but you can be confident regardless.
“At the end of a straightaway, what confidence do you have in being able to brake and make a turn,” Del Zio said, emphasizing the importance of human-inspired engineering and design. “Things start to come up fast at 155 miles an hour.”
Carl Anthony is Managing Editor of Automoblog and resides in Detroit, Michigan.
2018 Ford Mustang Fuel Economy Improvements

2017
2018
Increase
City
Highway
Combined
City
Highway
Combined
Combined
EcoBoost (auto)
21
30
24
21
32
25
4.2%
EcoBoost (man.)
21
30
24
21
31
25
4.2%
GT (auto)
15
24
18
16
25
19
5.6%
GT (man.)
15
25
18
15
25
18
No Change
Photo & Source: Ford Motor Company.

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2018 Volkswagen Tiguan S 4Motion Review

2018 Volkswagen Tiguan S 4Motion Review

The Volkswagen Tiguan is sometimes a forgotten entry in the compact crossover segment, but it’s worthy to be put on your shopping list. It competes against popular Japanese rivals like the Toyota RAV4, Honda CR-V, Subaru Forester, and Mazda CX-5. It’s a tall compact crossover that stretches toward midsize in interior space, and is well-equipped for its price. It’s ready for the daily commute, or the weekend ski trip.
We recently drove the base trim Tiguan S 4Motion.
What’s New For 2018
The Volkswagen Tiguan has been completely redesigned for 2018, and grows in size for its second generation. Cargo capacity improves over the previous model.
Features & Options
The 2018 Tiguan S 4Motion ($27,495) comes standard with rugged fabric upholstery, rearview camera, USB port, Bluetooth capability, 6.5-inch touchscreen, Apple CarPlay and Android Auto, and VW’s telematics service. It also features automatic headlights, heated mirrors, roof rails, and a six-speaker sound system.
This was a new, pre-production press vehicle from Volkswagen and the only option listed was the Driver Assistance package. It included forward collision warning with emergency braking and blind-spot monitoring.

Interior Highlights
Our Habanero Orange tester seemed ready for Halloween with its contrasting, sharp-looking Titan Black fabric upholstery. The Germans know how to keep the people’s wagon simple, clean, and functional. The Tiguan’s interior is ready to haul folks around for the commute or better yet, the weekend trip to the ski slopes.
There’s plenty of room inside for taller passengers and the seats are firm and supportive, but could use a bit more padding. The Tiguan S comes with a six-speaker stereo, good for listening to sports talk on 104.3 The Fan here in Denver. Unfortunately, it lacks in sound quality for music.
In the rear, there’s exceptional legroom especially with the sliding rear seat pushed back. The Tiguan may be larger than before, although three adults in the rear seat will still be a squeeze. There’s 37.6 cubic feet of cargo space with the rear seats down, and the rear liftgate is nice and wide for loading extra large items. Maximum cargo carrying ability is still less than some rivals.

Engine & Fuel Mileage Specs
All Volkswagen Tiguan models come powered by a 2.0-liter turbocharged TSI four-cylinder engine, coupled with an eight-speed automatic. It develops 184 horsepower and 221 lb-ft. of torque. The compact SUV returns an EPA estimated 23 combined mpg with a 21/27 city/highway rating. That’s less than the competition and the rating seems low to us considering it’s a 2.0-liter engine. We got around 22 mpg, which isn’t too bad considering how hard we drove it at altitude.
Driving Dynamics
We pushed the turbocharged 2.0-liter engine hard this week as we traveled into the mountains west of Denver. It’s the ideal place to test any vehicle, and this small SUV was no exception. Without the turbo, this vehicle would be less than ideal for mountain commutes, but when the air gets thin, the Tiguan has enough power to climb the hills without issue.
You will find it has more power at lower revs when accelerating from a stop, but it can get a little out of breath at higher revs. We don’t anticipate this will be an issue for daily commuting, however. The 8-speed automatic is smooth and a welcome relief from the continuously variable transmissions that many small crossovers get. The downside is it doesn’t get the mileage of a CVT gearbox.
In the city, the Tiguan is a good commuter vehicle and it scoots around slower traffic with ease. Its smaller size lets you park in tighter spots and you won’t have a problem seeing other drivers when you are navigating city streets. The Tiguan has a higher profile and bigger windows than other small crossovers, making it easy to see out the back and sides. On the highway, the Tiguan’s ride is easy, the handling competent, and it feels softer than the outgoing model.
Conclusion
The 2018 Volkswagen Tiguan S 4Motion offers affordably-priced convenience in a compact crossover that, overall, offers a quiet, comfortable ride. If you live in a cold climate, the 4Motion all-wheel drive will get you through the ice and snow this winter without an issue.
Denis Flierl has invested over 25 years in the automotive industry in a variety of roles. Follow his work on Twitter: @CarReviewGuy
2018 Volkswagen Tiguan Gallery

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2018 Volkswagen Tiguan official site.
Photos: Volkswagen of America, Inc.
*SEL trim level also shown.

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2019 Toyota Avalon Appears In Detroit

2019 Toyota Avalon Appears In Detroit
Well, here it is, the all-new 2019 Toyota Avalon, which, to be honest, is the automotive equivalent of saying “here’s the all-new 2019 jar of mayonnaise!” I’m not trying to imply that the 2019 Toyota Avalon is a bad car, not at all. It’s not. What I am saying is that it is boring. Sure, sure, it has adequate power and handling, and enough comfort and convenience features and room to make you feel like you’re driving down the road in a medium-sized Tokyo apartment, but it is as exciting as getting pushed off a milk crate into a vat of marshmallow frosting.
Bland Or Bold?
Look, maybe I am being unfair here, but these things have always bored me to tears. I make no bones about either my general dislike of sedans or my firmly held belief that cars bleached of all spirit and soul are most likely to bleach me of my spirit and soul. I’m sure the 2019 Avalon is smooth and quiet and comfortable and reliable and slick and noiseless and relaxing and dependable and velvety and tranquil and secure and unfailing as a Kenny G solo, but no one in the automotive world will have their nether regions corrupted by this car. Ev-ver.
But (and this is a big but) if that is the kind of car you need at this point in your life, i.e. something innocuous, roomy, sedan-like, and Japanese, it’s hard to go wrong buying a 2019 Toyota Avalon. For 2019, the Toyota Avalon will come in four grades: XSE (which is all-new), Touring, XLE, and Limited. The Hybrid model Avalons come in XLE, Limited, and XSE.
2019 Toyota Avalon on display at the North American International Auto Show, Cobo Center, Detroit, Michigan. Photo: Gino D’Orazio for Automoblog.net.

Interior Treatments
As one would expect, the interior of the new Avalon is nicely thought out, with well executed comfort and tech features. The Avalon exists to get you from A to B and to do so without raising your heart rate (sad as that is). Depending on the trim level, you get stuff like specially engineered wood and a mix of Perforated Ultrasuede or Softex seats. Those seats come with either vertical stitching or a quilt pattern with special perforation, and two-color stitches.
Toyota points out how the soft-touch materials are noticeable throughout. It’s on the Piano Black trimmed center console, on the slim instrument panel leading into the doors, in the rear compartment – really just all over the place. That Piano Black finishing can also be found on the rear cup and device holders, and in the armrest between passengers. Throughout the interior are air vents, controls for the seat warmers, and USB charging ports.
The upholstery color choices, which I first thought would consist of beige, tan, taupe, champagne, and Caucasian, actually show more variation that that. The 2019 Avalon’s interior can come in Cognac, gray and beige, gray or black Perforated Ultrasuede, or gray, beige, or black Softex.
Cutting Down
Curiously enough, for being such a big car in its past iterations, the 2019 Avalon is marginally smaller here and there. Toyota trimmed the overall height by an inch, chopped 0.8 inches off the rear deck, and lopped off 0.4 inches from the rear overhang, and one inch from the front overhang. Although smaller, the Avalon is a little wider, now up to 72.8 inches total. The wheelbase was extended by two inches. This is actually an old styling trick most popularized by the Wide-Track Pontiacs back in the 60s.

Multimedia Amenities
Of course there’s a big screen on the dash: a nine-inch multimedia display that controls audio, navigation, and climate control. Below the screen is a slide-open eBin containing a 12-volt plug and the standard wireless Qi mobile device charger. There are three USB power ports located inside the center console. The instrument panel itself is a seven-inch Multi-Information Display, showing vehicle information, turn-by-turn navigation, and various vehicle settings. Both Limited and Touring models come standard with a 10-inch Heads-Up Display for vehicle and engine speeds, turn-by-turn directions, audio settings, and drive modes.
The stereo is an Owsley Stanley grade JBL performance audio system. It features 14-speakers, 1200-watts of power, and a tuned 7.1-channel surround sound system. Fitting, since JBLs are known for their fine, mellow, warm sound reproduction.
Power & Performance
The 2019 Toyota Avalon comes with two powertrain choices: normal and hybrid. The normal internal combustion engine is an Atkinson cycle 3.5-liter V6 with direct injection and updated VVT-iW (Variable Valve Timing-intelligent Wide) and variable valve timing systems. Toyota says the V6 develops more power and better fuel economy through “D-4S direct injection” and the aforementioned updates to the VVT-iW and variable valve timing systems. Other V6 specifications include a 11.8:1 compression ratio; bore and stroke dimensions are 3.7-inches and 3.3-inches respectively.
The hybrid drive combines a 2.5-liter four-cylinder (direct injected) plant with Dual VVT-i with VVT-iE (Variable Valve Timing intelligent system by Electric motor). This is coupled to Toyota’s Hybrid System II with a 650-volt electric motor and Continuously-Variable Transmission.
Photo: Toyota Motor Sales, U.S.A., Inc.
Availability & In Person
Expect to see the 2019 Toyota Avalon on sale this spring. In the meantime, the vehicle is on display at the North American International Auto Show at the Cobo Center, downtown Detroit. The show officially opens to the public on Saturday, January 20th.
Tony Borroz has spent his entire life racing antique and sports cars. He is the author of Bricks & Bones: The Endearing Legacy and Nitty-Gritty Phenomenon of The Indy 500, available in paperback or Kindle format.
Source: Toyota Motor Sales, U.S.A., Inc.

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Drive-In Movie Theaters Are Alive And Well

Drive-In Movie Theaters Are Alive And Well

America is good at extinction. There were herds of buffalo the size of Midwestern states, and we nearly annihilated them. There were enough passenger pigeons to eclipse the sun, and we did annihilate them. Around 60 years ago, there were huge swaths of this country given over to a singular proposition: You can do it in your car. The drive-in restaurant. The drive-in dry cleaners. The drive-in liquor store. There was even a drive-in church. In SoCal, of course. And, just as such, there were drive-in movie theaters. Hundreds . . . thousands . . . of drive-in movie theaters across this country. Roughly 80 per state.
Today, in 2017, in the state of Washington (for instance) there are three. And I stumbled across one of them, still in operation, located in the rural Olympic Peninsula. I went to a movie there and, appropriately enough, that movie was Cars 3.
Unexpected Destination
Cars 3 (and this is not going to turn into a film review) is a good movie, and you should go see it. Not just from a gearhead’s perspective, although there’s lots of car related stuff to laugh at and notice, but as a good movie in and of itself. No, it’s not Citizen Kane or 2001, but it is a pretty good movie.
So, there I was, driving – actually, being driven – from a rural area of the Olympic Peninsula to Port Townsend, a town that, when it was founded ten years before the Civil War, was going to be the main city of the Washington Territory. Port Townsend was aiming to be the San Francisco of the Pacific Northwest. And it nearly was, before being usurped and surpassed by both Tacoma and Seattle. Now, Port Townsend is mainly a tourist destination, artist community, and a rather nice place to retire if you do not demand year-round sunny weather. It looks like what San Francisco did 150 years ago. Port Townsend is frozen in time.
We’re driving through the woods, heading toward Port Townsend. It’s a long, straight stretch of two-lane that, given the right car, you’d be really tempted to open it up . . . except for the blind driveways and rough logging tracks that come out of the lofty pine forests at oblique angles with mere feet of visibility. Suddenly there it was. An old, ten-foot by twenty-foot white marquee with the black stick-on letters that simply read:
Drive-In Movie Theater
Cars 3 & Transformers V
Fri. Sat. Sun.
At first I didn’t think much about it. But then the little wheels in my skull went “click-click-click” and I realized both of the movies listed were new movies.
“Is that an operating Drive-in theater?”
“Oh yeah,” she answered. “It’s really fun. They show different movies every weekend, mostly new stuff. We should go.”
“You’re darn right we should go,” was the only response the situation merited!
Photo: Tony Borroz for Automoblog.net.
Warm Welcome
The drive-in movie theater is called the Wheel-In Motor Movie. It was started by a family in, get this, 1953! The Grand Prix World Championship was only three-years-old at that time. Juan Manuel Fangio was a rookie driver. Stirling Moss hadn’t even started driving. The Wheel-In Motor Movie even pre-dates fins on Cadillacs and is a contemporary invention of the Shoebox Ford. And this place is still going. It’s still showing movies – that you can enjoy from the comfort of your own car – every summer. Perfect!
After you drive down a dirt two-lane cut through 100-foot tall fir trees, you come to the ticket office overseen by a nice, friendly gray-haired woman. She tells you what two movies are playing that night, the price (as I recall, a whopping $8.00 per person), takes your money (cards accepted), and tells you the radio frequency to tune to for the movie, should you choose to forgo the 60-year-old, window-hanger “Hi-Fi” speaker.
She says “thank you,” and you drive on for another couple hundred yards, through the trees, and into the drive-in theater itself.
Photo: Tony Borroz for Automoblog.net.

Wide Open Spaces
The parking area is large and nicely terraced for easy viewing. At the far end is a screen roughly the size of a tennis court. This screen, as it turns out, is brand new. The Wheel-In Motor Movie recently had to upgrade to a digital projection system and got a new screen to go along with it. The new screen sits on a gantry/scaffold-like, lattice-work structure made of locally sourced wood that looks like it could hold up a moon rocket.
Wood is all over the place around here. And so are extremely skilled carpenters. You think they were going to use steel I-beams?
Between us and the screen lies a no-man’s-land about the size of a football field. This area is awash with dozens of kids all screaming and throwing balls and doing cartwheels and scuttling and howling and running around like crazed maniacs. In other words, acting like a bunch of kids in a big open space before an event.
Around the perimeter stand those who I can only assume are the grownups responsible for these kids. It’s an easy assumption to make, since 90% of them have looks of deep satisfaction on their faces. It’s a look that any and all parents of six-year-olds will instantly recognize; a look that says, “they will sleep like cute little rocks tonight, and finally, finally, I can get a good night’s sleep.”
Photo: Tony Borroz for Automoblog.net.
Seating Arrangements
We begin to wander around, taking in the fading twilight and arriving cars. Everybody seems happy. Some people calmly sit in their cars, others strategize their plan for the night’s viewing. Blankets and comforters and pillows are produced, nests are made, serious discussions about who gets to sit where ensue: “Nuh-uh! Calling shotgun does not mean you get shotgun for the movie too, Travis!!”
As we wander up the gently sloping hill toward the back of the drive-in lot, I see a young couple and realize they are true professionals. Their (most likely his) bright yellow Ford pickup is parked backwards. Crammed laterally into the truck bed is a brown love seat most likely just liberated from their house. The young couple sit high up and in living room comfort, cuddled under a purple comforter. This, when I was in high school, was the preferred way to see a movie at the drive-in. Okay, actually, the really preferred way was in a car with steamed up windows and that cute girl from chemistry class, but let’s not get into that.
Photo: Tony Borroz for Automoblog.net.

Appetites & Audio Equipment
At the very back of the drive-in sits the snack bar and projector house. Entering into the snack bar, I get a strange sense of déjà vu. It all seems so familiar, apart from the glassed-off projector. And then I realize this is just like literally every other snack bar I’ve ever seen at a drive-in movie theater, race track, or other facility where the center of gravity is something that sits on wheels.
The food, amazingly, doesn’t look all that bad. Burgers, fries, that sort of thing, all made on site, and one at a time. None of this pre-packaged stuff made in a factory four states away and driven in by refrigerator truck every six weeks. I guarantee you these burgers are better than anything you’ll ever have in a chain restaurant.
On one end of the snack bar building sits the projector in a glassed-off room. The projector itself is about the size of a washer/dryer combo with a protuberant lens to give it a howitzeresque feel. It can, assumedly, throw photons down-range at such a rate that it has its own, dedicated air conditioning plant about the size of a washer/dryer combo. On the wall behind sits a 50s vintage rack mount cabinet. Up top is a low wattage FM transmitter unit, very modern and high tech, and at the bottom of the rack sits the DAs (distribution amps, an old style 70 volt system) and the PA amp. The PA amp is a massive tube and transformer unit that no doubt dates back to the original install. It looks like it has the power of an arc welder and weighs close to a V8 block and/or boat anchor.
Against the back wall sits a line of battered old shelves packed with now-unneeded splicing equipment, 35mm film reels, and a couple dozen extra window-hanger in-car speakers. These are for those that commit the primary and most mortal of drive-in movie sins: driving away with the speaker STILL HANGING ON YOUR WINDOW!!!! Don’t ever do that. You’ll look like a real stupe in front of your date and be the butt of all jokes in third period.
Photo: Tony Borroz for Automoblog.net.
The King’s Speech
As dusk gathers, we return to our car. We briefly turn on the radio (they’re playing the soundtrack from the first Guardians of The Galaxy) but we change our minds and opt for the window-hanger speaker. It has the sound quality of a Stasi listening device found in the American Embassy in Berlin, circa 1947. It is, in many ways, the cherry on top.
Kids are ushered back to their cars, some begging for one last toss of the Frisbee, one more touchdown run. Over the speakers comes the dulcet tones of the theater owner. I think it’s Dick Wiley himself, but it might be his son. And you can tell this is His Stage. This is what he lives for, these next few minutes as he patiently, gently, fatherly tells you The Rules and Mores of the Wheel-In Motor Movie. His spiel is rambling, unfocused, overly-long, and perfect. For him, it’s his St. Crispin’s Day Speech. The mic crackles off, the lights go out, and the movie starts (no previews at the Wheel-In Motor Movie, no sir).
I look over and see her blue eyes shining and a huge smile spread across her face. “This is going to be great,” she says without a hint of irony. And she’s right as can be. If you get the chance and there’s a drive-in movie theater near you, go! For a gearhead, it is part of our now-vanishing culture. The part where the car was to be the undisputed king. Where thoughts like making cars without tail fins made absolutely no sense. Sadly, and probably all too soon, these great drive-in theaters will go the way of the buffalo and passenger pigeon.
Tony Borroz has spent his entire life racing antique and sports cars. He means well, even if he has a bias toward lighter, agile cars rather than big engine muscle cars or family sedans.

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Volvo XC40 Getting Closer To Arrival, More Features Revealed

Volvo XC40 Getting Closer To Arrival, More Features Revealed

Volvo – safe, suburban, Swedish – has decided to expand its offerings in the SUV market. There’s gold in them thar hills, and almost any car maker would be stupid to leave the SUV market, and especially the SUV market aimed at wealthy commuters. So Volvo, who once only made large-ish SUVs, has expanded into hitting all market segments. Which brings us to the new XC40.
Benchmark Model
Volvo says the XC40 sets a new benchmark for design, technology, and safety in the small SUV market, but whether that Scandinavian confidence turns into profits remains up to buyers. It is fair to say the XC40, packed with all the tech from the 90 and 60 series machines and thoroughly modern, is worth taking a look at. The Volvo XC40, which includes safety innovations rarely offered among its competitors, aims to be among the safest, most well-equipped compact SUVs available, but also not break the bank. The launch model, the T5 all-wheel drive in Momentum trim, will start at $35,200. Customers who prefer front-wheel drive can pick up the T4 this coming summer for a starting MSRP of $33,200.
Photo: Volvo Car USA, LLC.
Essential Foundations
The XC40 is the first Volvo on the company’s new Compact Modular Architecture (CMA), destined to be the foundation of all other upcoming Volvos in the 40 Series, including fully electrified vehicles. In addition to the T5 and T4 AWD and FWD versions, there will also be a hybrid and pure electric variant added later.
The XC40 is the smallest SUV offered by Volvo, slotting in after the XC90, Volvo’s largest SUV, and the midsized XC60. The introduction of the XC40 completes Volvo’s SUV range with a spectrum of body colors and the now ever-so-fashionable contrasting color roof. The XC40 aims to have a strong, structured profile with large wheels, wheel arches, and an 8.3-inch ride height to “provide a true SUV feeling.”
Photo: Volvo Car USA, LLC.

Interior Appointments
The interior is just as well thought out and clever as the exterior design and the engineering you can’t see. There’s an available panoramic sunroof to allow natural light into the cabin as well as integrated LED lighting that can be color adjusted to match the mood or temperature the driver desires. The mood lighting, which works quite well at night, aims to enhance the unique metal and textile materials used in the XC40.
There’s ample interior space for both people and things with smart, daily-use features like large door pockets, integrated bag hooks, and a customizable cargo area to help organize all that stuff a modern human can accrue during the day. And since we are 17 years into the 21st century, the XC40 has tech goodies like wireless QI mobile phone charging and Bluetooth connectivity. The standard 9-inch Sensus Connect touchscreen will help reduce clutter from charging cables and connectors. The system also supports Apple CarPlay and Android Auto integration, and apps like Spotify and Pandora.
Photo: Volvo Car USA, LLC.
Safety & Security
Also standard on Volvo’s XC40 is City Safety. This detects possible hazards such as pedestrians, cyclists, other vehicles, and (I’m not making this up) large animals. I hasten to point out that Volvos come from Sweden and, if legend is to be believed, Sweden is choked full of moose, bear, dear, elk, and a wide variety of “large animals.” Additional safety features include Pilot Assist, Runoff Road protection and mitigation, Cross Traffic alert with brake support, and the 360 camera that helps drivers maneuver their car into tight parking spaces.
Buyers of the XC40 get 4 years of Volvo On Call, along with the ability to share the car with trusted friends and family via a mobile phone app. Volvo doesn’t give many details, but I’m guessing it provides access to the vehicle, allowing certain people (or some other scheme) to actually fire up the XC40 and drive it.
New XC40s will be rolling off Volvo’s assembly line in Ghent, Belgium come this November, although Volvo is more than willing to take your order today at a local retailer. No details yet on cost and such, but Volvo says that will be released at the Los Angeles Auto Show, also in November.
Tony Borroz has spent his entire life racing antique and sports cars. He means well, even if he has a bias toward lighter, agile cars rather than big engine muscle cars or family sedans.
Volvo XC40 Gallery

Photos & Source: Volvo Car USA, LLC.

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Aston Martin Valkyrie Engine: Your Greatest Dream Or Worst Nightmare

Aston Martin Valkyrie Engine: Your Greatest Dream Or Worst Nightmare The new Aston Martin Valkyrie engine is a work of scientific art.
The redline is through the roof and the horsepower ratings are off the charts.
Developed in conjunction with Cosworth using proven F1 materials and methods.
Look, I don’t know what kind of drugs the engine department at Aston Martin is on, but I think they’re close to overdosing in the most positive way possible. Here we have the new V12 for the upcoming, Adrian Newey-designed Aston Martin Valkyrie hypercar, and it’s just mind-boggling.
The specs are stratospheric as is the redline.
And it sounds like Eddie Van Halen playing around with a chainsaw.
Fully-Stressed & Completely Insane
We still don’t know much about the chassis or aero specs for the Valkyrie, but you could probably put this plant in an AMC Pacer and wax a Porsche 911. Well, you’d have to stuff it into the “trunk,” since this Valkyrie V12 engine (mid-engine by the way) is a “fully stressed” member of the chassis. This has been standard racing practice since the first Cosworth DFV, but rarely has it been seen in a road-going car. The only one that springs to mind is the V12 Ferrari put into the F50.
Like the F50, the Valkyrie will have its V12 bolted directly to the carbon fiber tub. This makes perfect sense from a packaging and performance standpoint. From an everyday usability standpoint, it’s kinda iffy. All the vibrations, buzzes, shudders, and such are transmitted directly to the part of the car you’re sitting on and, therefore, right into your spine.
For a lot of people, this was seen as a huge flaw. For people like me (and I’m guessing people like Adrian Newey and the nut-jobs that made the F50) this is an added bonus. But I’ll keep any further discussions on this between me and my team of therapists.
The Aston Martin Valkyrie engine is “fully stressed,” meaning if removed, nothing connects the front wheels to the back. Aston Martin says keeping the engine’s weight down was a challenge. Photo: Aston Martin The Americas.
If Looks Could Kill
Anyway, that’s why this V12 looks rather strange. The cam covers, for example, have these odd buttresses and such, because that’s how the front of the engine bolts to the tub. The rear also has lots of odd features, but here we have an incomplete story. This is where the Valkyrie’s mill connects to the hybrid drive system/transaxle.
Yes, it’s a hybrid.
Yes, we can makes some jokes here about Toyota’s Prius.
Even though the engine is a fully-stressed chassis member, that means adding more weight to support the loads. The whole thing weighs just 206kg, or around 420 lbs. Kinda heavy, but not all that bad. It’s a narrow angle engine too, with a 65 degree angle between the banks. Since Newey is supremely aero-oriented, that leaves a designer with much more room under the car and around the engine so the ground effects tunnels can be that much larger.
The @astonmartin Valkyrie Engine sounds like Eddie Van Halen playing a chainsaw.Click To TweetAston Martin Valkyrie engine. Photo: Aston Martin The Americas.
Power Figures: Off The Charts
Even though the thing is naturally-aspirated, the 6.5-liter V12 still cranks out a spectacular 1,000 bhp according to Aston Martin. That’s a very high and specific output: 153.8 bhp-per-liter. Also 6.5-liters is a pretty big displacement, which means its redline of 11,100 rpm is very notable. The pistons on a 6.5-liter plant are the size of your fist, so getting them moving in one direction, stopping them, then having them move in the opposite direction at high engine speeds is not easy.
Peak torque is just as inspiring with 546 lb-ft. being the mark you’re going to be concerned with. And keep in mind, these are the horsepower and torque specs for the engine by itself. The engine is just part of the entire powertrain. Added to that will be the power and torque (lots and lots of tasty, tasty torque) of the electric motors and quick-discharge batteries from the hybrid package.
Put another way, these horsepower and torque ratings are just the start for the Valkyrie.
I don't know what kind of drugs the engine department at @astonmartin is on, but I think they're close to overdosing in the most positive way possible. Click To TweetPhoto: Aston Martin The Americas.
Alexa? Find Me More Steel!
As I mentioned, this was not done all in-house at Gaydon. Cosworth had their say, adding in things like titanium conrods and F1-spec pistons hogged out from solid billet stock. The crankshaft is another fine example of Cosworth’s wizardry. It starts out as a big chunk of solid steel bar stock, then it’s roughed out, then heat treated, finish machined, heat treated again, gear ground, final ground, then superfinished.
Over the course of this process, 80 percent of the original bar stock is reduced to little metal shavings on the shop floor.
And like I said, this is just the engine part of the Valkyrie. Odin only knows what the rest of this beast will be like, but I bet it’ll be a killer.
“To anyone with a drop of petrol in their blood, a high-revving naturally aspirated V12 is the absolute pinnacle,” said Dr. Andy Palmer, Aston Martin Lagonda President and Group Chief Executive Officer. “Nothing sounds better or encapsulates the emotion and excitement of the internal combustion engine more completely.”
Tony Borroz has spent his entire life racing antique and sports cars. He is the author of Bricks & Bones: The Endearing Legacy and Nitty-Gritty Phenomenon of The Indy 500, available in paperback or Kindle format. Follow his work on Twitter: @TonyBorroz.
Aston Martin Valkyrie Engine Gallery

Photos & Source: Aston Martin The Americas.

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2020 Toyota Corolla Sedan: Still A Corolla, But Better

2020 Toyota Corolla Sedan: Still A Corolla, But Better The 2020 Toyota Corolla sedan represents the 12th-generation of Toyota’s small car namesake.
Overall performance and efficiency increases with Toyota’s optional Dynamic Force engine.
Since its introduction in 1966, over 46 million Toyota Corollas have been sold globally.
The Toyota Corolla is the Coca-Cola of the automotive industry; it is easily recognizable around the globe. The Corolla was able to achieve all this not by being fast or sporty, but by being practical, solidly reliable, and relatively cheap to maintain.
Hot on the heels of the Corolla hatchback is the new 2020 Toyota Corolla sedan. Needless to say, if the Corolla hatchback is a bit too youthful and exuberant for your refined taste, your ride has arrived in the form of the 2020 Toyota Corolla sedan.
Is It True? The Corolla Is Finally Sportier?
The Corolla is a solid and dependable vehicle. It always was and always will be. But chief among my biggest complaints is the sanitized driving experience. Yes, Corollas have learned to be more refined over the years, but Toyota did little to address the tepid driving experience.
Until now.
The 2020 Toyota Corolla sedan is based on the same TNGA (Toyota New Global Architecture) platform as the hatchback. This means the new sedan is wider and sits lower to the ground. But if you still think the new car looks eerily similar to the outgoing model, that’s because the new sedan is riding on the same 106.3-inch wheelbase.
Toyota shaved off the hood height by 1.3 inches and lowered the overall body height by 0.8 inches. This also means the new engine sits lower to reduce the center of gravity by 0.39 inches. The new Corolla sedan also benefits from a wider front and rear track, which explains the wider overall stance.
In order to make the 2020 Corolla sedan more engaging and nimble, Toyota shortened the front overhang by 1.3 inches while extending the rear overhang by more than half an inch. All of these changes are necessary to give the 2020 Corolla sedan a sportier and more engaging driving experience. Think of it as a new Corolla hatchback with more room (and a trunk) and you won’t be far off.
2020 Toyota Corolla. Photo: Toyota Motor Sales, U.S.A., Inc.
Feel The Rush: Dynamic Force Engines
I must admit, “Dynamic Force” is a weird name for an engine. But with D4-S fuel injection (combining direct and secondary port injectors), electronically-controlled VVT-iE (intelligent variable-valve timing), and a 13:1 compression ratio, Toyota’s new 2.0-liter motor churns out 169 horsepower and 151 lb-ft. of torque.
However, this engine (known in Toyota-speak as “Dynamic Force M20A-FKS”) is only available in the XSE and SE trim.
The base L, LE, and mid-level XLE is powered by the familiar 1.8-liter 2ZR-FAE four-cylinder, with 132 horsepower and 128 lb-ft. of torque. In truth, the smaller displacement motor is enough for conventional urban driving. But it’s hard to resist the allure of the bigger Dynamic Force engine, right?
Related: An in-depth look at the 2019 Toyota Corolla Hatchback.
Transmission Tech: Two Options, One Additional Gear
Both are connected to a 10-speed continuously-variable transmission with a sport mode. Unlike older CVT units, this one is equipped with a physical first gear. You know what this means right? Having a physical gear improves acceleration and response. From this alone, Toyota is serious about injecting some much-needed athleticism into the new 2020 Corolla sedan.
Also worth mentioning is the optional six-speed iMT or intelligent manual transmission as Toyota calls it. The new transmission features an automatic rev-matching downshift control feature that allows you to manually shift gears like pro.
The 2020 Toyota Corolla features a two-discharge port oil pump and a variable cooling system with an electric water pump. According to Toyota, this maximizes engine performance and efficiency. Photo: Toyota Motor Sales, U.S.A., Inc.
New Legs For A New Ride
Lower, wider, and sportier platform? Check. New 2.0-liter Dynamic Force motor? Check. New CVT with a physical first gear? Check. In order to further improve handling and stability, the 2020 Toyota Corolla sedan is also fitted with (rejoice!) a new multi-link independent rear suspension.
The old torsion beam rear suspension is getting a bit long in the tooth. It may provide better comfort (albeit floaty at times), but it doesn’t respond well to abrupt changes in speed and direction. Toyota addressed this by installing multi-links in the rear for sharper handling without ruining the ride quality. Bravo, Toyota!
@Toyota did little to address the tepid driving experience of the Corolla. Until now.Click To TweetSportier & More Aggressive Fascia
I’m not a fan of the Hoover-inspired front air dam on the new 2020 Corolla sedan, but it does give the car a more menacing vibe. The Toyota badge is now affixed in the lower hood opening to differentiate it from the hatchback. Higher trim models also receive a body-color chin spoiler and aero stabilizing fins to further emphasize the gawking front end.
Also new are J-shaped Bi-beam LED headlamps that wrap deeply into the front fenders. The SE and XSE trim receive triple J-shaped LED clearance lamps and LED turn signals as well. The rear features narrow combination taillights and a diffuser.
Combined with newly-sculpted fender tops, more powerful fender flares, and the available 18-inch alloy wheels, the 2020 Toyota Corolla sedan definitely looks more purposeful than the outgoing model.
2020 Toyota Corolla Sedan interior layout. Photo: Toyota Motor Sales, U.S.A., Inc.
Better Ergonomics & Interior Comfort
The 2020 Toyota Corolla sedan’s dashboard layout looks familiar. If you think it resembles the larger and more luxurious Toyota Avalon, you’re right. The base L trim gets a seven-inch touchscreen while higher trims receive a bigger eight-inch center touchscreen with the Entune 3.0 multimedia system.
It also comes standard with a 4.2-inch TFT multi-information display in the instrument console. Optional is a seven-inch display that sits between the speedometer and tachometer. If you tick the box for the larger display, you can choose between a traditional analog or modern digital display.
Toyota is also emphasizing how quiet the new Corolla is, since it now contains a one-piece floor silencer pad and additional sound deadening material in the dash and powertrain. The result is a Corolla with luxury car levels of comfort and refinement.
Related: A different sort of compact car. Our full review of the 2018 Corolla XSE.
Toyota Safety Sense Comes Standard
The 2020 Toyota Corolla sedan will come with Toyota Safety Sense 2.0 as standard. This includes lane departure alert with steer assist, a pre-collision radar system, radar cruise control, automatic high beams, and road sign assist. CVT models also get a lane tracing assist system that helps keep the car in the center of the lane at all times.
Pricing & Availability
The 2020 Toyota Corolla sedan will arrive at dealerships this coming spring. Toyota has not announced pricing as of this writing.
Alvin Reyes is the Associate Editor of Automoblog. He studied civil aviation, aeronautics, and accountancy in his younger years and is still very much smitten to his former Lancer GSR and Galant SS. He also likes fried chicken, music, and herbal medicine.
2020 Toyota Corolla Gallery

Photos & Source: Toyota Motor Sales, U.S.A., Inc.

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2020 Porsche 911: An Engineering Marvel Considering . . .

2020 Porsche 911: An Engineering Marvel Considering . . . The 2020 Porsche 911 represents the 8th generation of the automaker’s iconic nameplate.
It’s wider and more aggressive looking with a new version of Porsche’s flat-six engine.
Expect a multitude of driver assist systems when the new 911 hits the market next year.
The 2020 Porsche 911 just rolled out at the L.A. auto show, and it further cements, and further dilutes what the quintessential Porsche is. It’s bigger, heavier, more complex; it cranks out more power and gives you more performance. That Porsche can keep doing this, despite ever rising levels of weight and complexity, is an engineering miracle.
However, that they have to do it this way is a disaster.
Simple & Effective
The 911 started out as a brilliant response to a simple question: “How can we make the 356 better?” The 356, for all its fun and capability was, at it’s heart, a hot-rodded VW Beetle in better clothing. The first 911, for all its flaws (they had to weld pig iron to the front bumpers, the chassis tuning was so far off) answered that question in so comprehensive a manner that the 911 “worked” for decades.
Then, right about 1998, Porsche realized you can only push air and oil cooling so far, and the 911 changed. Then changed some more. And it changed even more from there.
Related: Enthusiasts will appreciate this book, which chronicles the history of Porsche.
Which leads us to this, the 2020 Porsche 911; bigger, longer, wider, heavier, bloated and, thanks to the dedicated application of Engineering, the “best” 911 ever. The 2020 911 is loaded with everything the modern “sports” car shopper demands (and Porsche shamelessly kowtows to). And yet, it still delivers sparkling performance.
What do we get for 2020 (besides that smug satisfaction)? Lots of everything!
2020 Porsche 911. Photo: Porsche Cars North America, Inc.
Styling & Design: Some History, Some Necessity
The new body design is bigger all around, with wider fenders over staggered wheels (20-inch at the front and 21-inch at the back). The flared fenders of the sportier 911s are now seen on all models. New LED headlights flow into the fenders and aim for that round shape of the original 911. The door handles are now flush and the outside mirrors are meant to reduce wind noise.
The rear has that same “light bar” as found across the Porsche range.
Of course, there’s a big honking spoiler that’s appreciably wider with variable positions. Best of all, apart from the front and rear fasciae, the entire outer skin of the car is now made of aluminum. A nice, classic touch but also an engineering necessity because 911s are getting fat.
Related: The 2019 Porsche 911 GT3 RS sounds like something NASA would build.
Interior Treatments: The Wild West
The interior has undergone a thorough redesign, but still manages to be an ergonomic nightmare. I can only chalk this up to “tradition” and the fact that Porsche people actually like when button placement and such comes across as a total afterthought. The tach is still front and center (thank you) but now we have the Porsche Communication Management (PCM) system front and center in the middle console.
The seats are a complete redesign, with significantly improved lateral support at the shoulder.
However, Porsche really trumpets the new assistance systems, said to increase safety and comfort.
2020 Porsche 911 interior layout. Photo: Porsche Cars North America, Inc.
Assistance Systems: Tech Nannies & Babysitters
Those of us that are cynical enough to say it will mention that, yeah, you’re going to need all the “assistance systems” you can find to overcome the physics of having all that weight waaaay back there. Porsche now how the “Wet Mode” as standard equipment for the 2020 Porsche 911. Wet Mode detects water on the road, preconditions the stability control and anti-lock brake systems accordingly, and warns the driver.
You can call up vehicle settings particularly suited for wet roads via a button, or by means of the mode switch on the steering wheel. You know, so that way you don’t spin your brand new 911 off into the weeds like overconfident 911 owners since time immemorial.
There’s also a camera-based warning and brake assist system, standard, and Night Vision Assist with a thermal imaging camera. The Adaptive Cruise Control comes with automatic distance control, stop-and-go functionality, and an Emergency Assist function.
Photo: Porsche Cars North America, Inc.
Power & Performance: No Worries Here
Yes, yes, I hear you shriek: what about the engine? Here, we have no worries or concerns. The next gen turbocharged flat-six engine has a primary focus on performance. New, larger turbochargers with electrically-controlled wastegate valves, a completely redesigned charge air intercooler, and piezo fuel injectors all help this 911 engine be the best engine it can be.
Everything is better with the 2020 Porsche 911: responsiveness, power, torque characteristics, the whole enchilada. Bottom line: 443 horsepower at 6,500 rpm (23 horsepower more than the previous model), 390 lb-ft. of torque (22 lb-ft. up from the previous model), and a comfortably-wide powerband from 2,300 to 5,000 rpm.
Meaning you should be able to work this thing all day and night.
Pricing & Availability
The 2020 Porsche 911 Carrera S starts at $113,200, which is not unreasonable. You can order yours now but the new 911 should be in U.S. dealers by this summer.
Tony Borroz has spent his entire life racing antique and sports cars. He is the author of Bricks & Bones: The Endearing Legacy and Nitty-Gritty Phenomenon of The Indy 500, available in paperback or Kindle format. Follow his work on Twitter: @TonyBorroz.
2020 Porsche 911 Gallery

Photos & Source: Porsche Cars North America, Inc.

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