2019 Toyota C-HR Review: Good Looking But Definitely Average

2019 Toyota C-HR Review: Good Looking But Definitely Average 85Average2019 Toyota C-HROverall Impression The styling is definitely bold.Nice interior and plenty of tech options.Needs an upgrade in terms of performance.ProsStylingInterior LayoutHatchback UtilityConsFuel Economy Lacks AWD OptionWhen Toyota axed Scion, we thought the fun models might come to an end. But the Japanese automaker now has one of the boldest new compacts in recent memory. The 2019 Toyota C-HR is for younger buyers who need a vehicle for daily commuting and weekend getaways.
The C-HR is set apart from others in the market by its stance. C-HR stands for Coupe, High Riding. It really isn’t a coupe but it looks like one with the rear door handle hidden high next to the roofline.
This week, we drove the 2019 Toyota C-HR XLE.
What’s New For 2019
The Toyota C-HR was an entirely new crossover last year although feature availability is slightly revised. For 2019, the C-HR gets new LE and Limited trims; Apple CarPlay is now standard, along with an optional factory navigation system.
Features & Options: Plenty For The Drive
The 2019 Toyota C-HR XLE ($22,980) comes with fabric seat upholstery, 18-inch alloy wheels, dual-zone climate control, a seven-inch touchscreen display, leather-wrapped steering wheel, and a cargo cover. The power-folding mirrors contain turn signals.
Standard safety and convenience features include automatic high beams, adaptive cruise control, brake hold at stoplights, lane keeping assist, and forward collision warning with automatic emergency braking. Blind-spot warning, rear cross-traffic alert, and a rearview camera are also included.
Our tester came with the optional Audio Plus App suite ($685) which included Entune 3.0 audio, HD radio, and Toyota Connected Services. Total MSRP including destination: $24,710. By comparison, the 2019 Toyota C-HR starts at $20,995. 

Interior Highlights: Enter The MeZone
Compared to other small hatchbacks, the C-HR’s cabin scores high with quality materials and some soft-touch surfaces. The all-black cabin is quite spacious and wider than we expected. The front seats are comfortable and taller drivers won’t have a problem finding a good cruising position.
Along with the contemporary exterior styling, the cabin will appeal to younger buyers. The central control pod is called MeZone and for good reason. The seven-inch touchscreen blends nicely with the physical knobs, controls, and switches. Attractive diamond shapes are seen throughout the cabin, being molded into the plastic lower door panels and stitched into the headliner fabric.
In the back, there is seating for three, but unlike many small hatchbacks only suited for two adults, three can actually fit in the back without undue discomfort. Rear passengers sit a bit higher too, which means a more comfortable position with some extra foot space.
Cargo volume comes in at 19 cubic feet with the rear seat-back upright, growing to 32.4 cubic feet when folded. The seats will fold flat to form a handy load floor. This was perfect as we packed in grocery bags for a family get-together this weekend.  

Related: The 2019 Toyota Corolla Hatchback is a compact car with attitude.
Engine & Fuel Mileage Specs
The Toyota C-HR is powered by a 2.0-liter four-cylinder, producing a paltry 144 horsepower and 139 lb-ft. of torque. Coupled to a continuously variable transmission (CVT), front-wheel drive is the sole configuration. We think the C-HR would benefit from an all-wheel drive option. Having it might attract additional buyers who live in colder climates. 
The C-HR gets an EPA-estimated 27/31 city/highway and 29 combined mpg. Though adequate, those figures hardly constitute thrifty fuel economy when compared to the competition. The Subaru Crosstrek, for instance, manages an extra two mpg highway. The Crosstrek’s 2.0-liter engine/CVT combo produces more horsepower (152) and more torque (145 lb-ft.) than the C-HR’s powertrain. Plus, the Subaru offers all-wheel drive.
Driving Dynamics: Lacking In Key Areas
After settling in, we found the C-HR provides respectable handling and road-holding dynamics. We hit the tight mountain curves near Evergreen quickly, but the C-HR felt secure and kept us planted. The ride on the highway is smooth and there’s enough sound insulation to keep the drone of the CVT to a minimum.
Our biggest issue is with power output. The engine’s 144 horsepower is not enough for the high-altitude areas in Colorado we call home. We slid into Sport mode hoping for better results, but still came away unsatisfied. For those living at sea level and on the flats, however, the 2019 Toyota C-HR should be fine.
Visibility to the rear and side is difficult because of the raked roofline. That said, it doesn’t matter where you live, it will be an issue when changing lanes in heavy city traffic. Another concern we have is driving the C-HR through the snow. Although it did okay on the plowed roads near our Colorado home, we still would like to see the C-HR offered with all-wheel drive. 

Conclusion: Still A Good Value
When Toyota cut Scion, they needed something for younger buyers. We think Toyota hit a home run immediately with the new styling. We hope now that Toyota will address the performance issues by bumping up the horsepower and adding an all-wheel drive option. Regardless, our 2019 Toyota C-HR XLE came well-equipped, but any of the available trim levels are a good value for those who don’t need all-wheel drive.
Denis Flierl has invested over 25 years in the automotive industry in a variety of roles. Follow his work on Twitter: @CarReviewGuy
2019 Toyota C-HR Gallery









































Photos: Toyota Motor Sales, U.S.A., Inc.



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2020 GMC Acadia: New Nips & Tucks For This SUV

2020 GMC Acadia: New Nips & Tucks For This SUV The 2020 GMC Acadia receives new styling and propulsion updates. 
A nine-speed transmission replaces the Acadia’s older six speed automatic.
GMC says the connectivity and infotainment systems are more user-friendly.
GMC just rolled out the 2020 Acadia and it’s everything you’d expect. Big, boxy, practical, well thought-out, dripping in tech and, most importantly, right in the middle of every Venn diagram of what marketing wants, engineering can do, and the customer can afford. In other words, get used to the looks of the 2020 GMC Acadia.
Cause you’re going to be seeing a lot of them around.
Styling & Design
The new Acadia sets itself apart from other SUVs and crossovers with that standard-for-GM, big, honkin’ square-square-square face. The 2020 Acadia gets a new grille with black chrome accents, new front and rear fascias, and GMC’s now signature C-shaped lighting. It’s not exactly ugly, but I’ll bet you a beer nobody in Italy is impressed.
The Acadia rides on 17-inch wheels with 18 and 20-inchers available. The outside mirrors have integrated LED turn signals and are power folding. The power liftgate is a hands-free affair with GMC logo projection for a bit of flash. GM has redesigned the center console with more storage space.
2020 GMC Acadia Denali interior layout. Photo: GMC.
Power & Performance
The 2020 GMC Acadia is propelled by a new 2.0L turbo engine, standard on SLT and Denali models. It features GM’s tri-power variable valve lift technology to balance power and efficiency. GMC says cylinder deactivation during light load conditions will further boost the engine’s efficiency. The turbo itself is a dual-scroll design in which GMC promises better low-speed torque delivery. Bottom line: 230 horsepower and 258 lb-ft of torque. Not bad for only two liters.
The 2.5L I-4 and the 3.6L V6 engines are also available for the 2020 GMC Acadia, depending on what trim level you choose. For example, the more rugged Acadia AT4 comes with the 3.6L V6, producing 310 horsepower and 271 lb-ft. of torque. A twin clutch, all-wheel drive system is standard on the AT4.
A new nine-speed automatic replaces the outgoing six-speed as the standard transmission for all engines. The nine-speed offers better acceleration and efficiency. The new tranny even allows for more storage room in the center console by replacing the conventional shifter with an electronically-controlled gear selector.
2020 GMC Acadia AT4. Photo: GMC.
Related: No road, no problem. An in-depth look at the 2019 GMC Sierra AT4.
Tech & Connectivity
As you would expect, the latest Acadia is brimming with tech stuff, comfort and convenience features, connectivity options, and other amenities. GMC says the infotainment system is more intelligent and intuitive than before, with better voice recognition, a higher resolution touchscreen, and an easier interface requiring fewer steps with easier screen layouts.
The eight-inch diagonal screen also has enhanced new features like a personal profile that allows you to tailor the infotainment system to your preferences. So stuff like audio, navigation, and climate settings can come up just the way you like it. You can store up to four profiles, automatically resetting the preferences for the incoming driver. Think of it as a bigger version of memory seats.
There are two new USB-C charging ports in the front and rear of the center console, which is a nice touch. This brings the number of ports in the new Acadia to five.
Pricing & Availability
The 2020 GMC Acadia is built at GM’s Spring Hill, Tennessee, assembly plant and will go on sale this fall. Pricing information is forthcoming.
Tony Borroz has spent his entire life racing antique and sports cars. He is the author of Bricks & Bones: The Endearing Legacy and Nitty-Gritty Phenomenon of The Indy 500, available in paperback or Kindle format. Follow his work on Twitter: @TonyBorroz. 
Photos & Source: GMC.



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Are You Affected By The BMW Comfort Class Settlement? Know The Facts

Are You Affected By The BMW Comfort Class Settlement? Know The Facts The BMW Comfort Class Settlement seeks to permit Class Representatives to obtain reimbursement for out-of-pocket costs incurred due to spontaneous or unintended locking of the Comfort Access System. 
In a class action, one or more people, called Class Representatives (in this case, plaintiff Kieva Myers), sue on behalf of all people who have similar claims and have suffered similar damages.
In August of 2015, Kieva Meyers purchased a pre-owned 2013 BMW X5 in San Francisco. Like many, she needed reliable transportation for her job and family. The 2013 X5 Meyers purchased was equipped with BMW’s Comfort Access System, a convenience feature that uses sensors to detect where the owner is in proximity to the vehicle. The system allows the driver to access the vehicle virtually hands-free within about a five-foot radius.
For example, once a driver walks up to the vehicle and puts their hand on the door, it will unlock automatically.
However, this convenience feature caused a scare for Meyers just two months later in October of 2015. This incident has become the catalyst for the Comfort Class settlement, a class action lawsuit filed against BMW for an alleged manufacturing defect in the Comfort Access System. All BMW X5 models from 2007 until 2013 are affected.
What Is The Comfort Class Settlement
The settlement states that the Comfort Access System is defective because the doors can be locked from the outside even with the key fob still inside the vehicle. If small children, the elderly, or animals are left inside unintentionally with the key fob, they may become locked inside the vehicle. This can pose hazards that force the owner to take action, including but not limited to breaking into the vehicle and calling emergency personnel. This will likely result in out of pocket costs for the driver.
On October 19th 2015, Meyers opened the rear door of her X5 and placed her child inside. Unbeknownst to her, the remote key fob was still inside the vehicle as she shut the rear door. When Meyers went to open the driver’s side door, it was locked. Because her child was still inside, she was forced to break a window to open her X5.
Recent data shows that children are at risk of death from vehicular heatstroke or hypothermia if they are locked inside.
2011 BMW X5 rear interior.
Meyers Contacted BMW
According to the Comfort Class settlement, the Comfort Access System should prevent the vehicle from being locked. However, Meyers alleges that a defect allows the vehicle to lock even when the key is still inside. This can trap young children and others who are unable to unlock the doors by themselves.
After this incident, Meyers filed a complaint with BMW. A representative of the company responded in an e-mail saying, “we must be dealing either with a malfunction of the locking system or an inadvertent activation of the locking system via either the remote transmitter or the Comfort Access System. Again, it is not impossible to lock a key in the vehicle — and to do so is not necessarily indicative of a malfunction. For example, if a door other than the driver’s door is open and the locking button on the transmitter is pressed, the vehicle will lock when the open door is closed. If the user is unaware of having pressed the locking button, then it would certainly appear that it had somehow locked itself.”
Meyers alleges that BMW knew of the problem in 2007 because an internal training document entitled “Comfort Access vs-42 je 66 04 04 (093).” The Comfort Class settlement pleads that, despite BMW’s knowledge and awareness of the defect, it failed to make repairs to resolve the issue, failed to modify owners’ manuals accordingly, and failed to pay for damages suffered by consumers as a result of the malfunction.
2010 BMW X5.
Statement From Legal Counsel
“When manufacturers get notified about major issues involving serious injury or in some cases death, it is the duty of the manufacturer to right the wrong they have committed and to make sure it is not repeated,” reads a statement from the Law Offices of Stephen M. Harris, P.C. and Robert L. Starr, APC in Woodland Hills and Calabasas, California respectively.
Harris and Starr are representing the plaintiffs in the Comfort Class settlement. The settlement guarantees that Class Members who have documented out-of-pocket expenses will be able to receive compensation from BMW.
“BMW was told multiple times about the Comfort Access System malfunction and denied the claim until the argument was too insurmountable to avoid,” the statement further reads.
More Information
If you own a BMW X5 in question, model years 2007 through 2013, you can find out more information about how to file a claim on the Comfort Class Settlement homepage.  “Class Vehicles” include any BMW NA E70 vehicle made for sale and/or lease in the U.S. market, with a production date between October 1st, 2006 through June 30th, 2013, equipped with the optional Comfort Access System. The vehicles were sold or leased to Class Members in the United States or Puerto Rico.



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Peace, Love & The VW Light Bus

Peace, Love & The VW Light Bus The iconic VW Light Bus returns for the 50th anniversary of Woodstock.
Features the designs and paintwork of original artist Dr. Bob Hieronimus.
The classic VW Bus, i.e. the Type 2, started out in America as a surf mobile. Yet the same reasons surfers loved the thing – cheap, reliable, you can sleep in it waiting for your swell and such – appealed to a another growing segment of the counterculture: Hippies. From Hattiesburg to The Haight, the young and disaffected, those who tuned in, turned on, and dropped out, took to the VW Bus like ducks to water.
If ever there was a perfect vehicle for a given demographic, this was it.
Talkin’ ‘Bout My Generation
Fifty years on and we, as a society, are still coming to grips with the immutable fact hippies were Right. Peace is better than war, love is better than hate, pollution is bad for all of us, greed destroys us, equality applies to everybody, women, people of color, and gay people too. 50 years ago, Mike Lang and a bunch of other hippie promoters thought it was high time to have the concert to end all concerts. They picked upstate New York for some reason, and predicted 100,000 kids would show up.
They were wrong. Very, very wrong.
Half a million kids showed up and, despite what all the up-tight straights predicted, most had a very good time. And, seemingly, about half of those people showed up in VW Busses. And most of those were highly decorated. For example, the Light Bus. Although pretty run-of-the-mill when it comes to painting, decoration and overall tone, the Light Bus, a 1963 Standard Microbus, became a symbol of the Woodstock Art and Music Fair after an Associated Press shot of the van circulated in newspapers and magazines across the country.
Then the van appeared in the liner notes of the soundtrack to the movie about Woodstock. In its own little way, The Light Bus became A Thing.
VW Light Bus. Photo: Volkswagen of America, Inc.
They picked upstate New York for some reason, and predicted 100,000 kids would show up. They were wrong. Very, very wrong. Click To TweetTime Machine
Volkswagen of America and the greater Volkswagen community realized this, and decided to remake the Light Bus in time for all the anniversary celebrations. The original painter of the bus, Dr. Bob Hieronimus (no, dude, dig: he’s literally a Doctor now and his name is literally Hieronimus, and if someone does not call him Hieronimus Bob on a regular basis, then I am very bummed) did up the original in 1968 after an invitation from the van’s owner, who, surprise-surprise, was using it to haul his band to the festival.
This “new” Light Bus represents three years of work by Hieronimus and Canadian documentarian John Wesley Chisholm. They wanted to recover and recreate the original ahead of Woodstock’s milestone anniversary. However, the duo decided on a replica after looking for six months to find the original to no avail. My bet says it’s now a chicken coop on Kesey’s farm outside of Eugene, Oregon.
The replica Light Bus hit the public eye at the Orange Country Transporter Organization (O.C.T.O.) Winter Meet in Long Beach, California. Bonus points for calling your car club O.C.T.O. After hanging out in Long Beach, the Light Bus hits the road for a cross-country tour leading up to Woodstock’s 50th anniversary.
“It’s a time machine that takes people to the past, through the present, and to the future,” Chisholm said.
“The bus is really about being one people on one planet,” Hieronimus added. “On every side of the bus is a story – many stories – and the stories all point to unification, working together, and a higher consciousness, which is what Light really is all about.”
Photo: Volkswagen of America, Inc.
With A Little Help From My Friends
Hieronimus and Chisholm ginned up a successful Kickstarter campaign and acquired an exact model of the original Light Bus. From there, they began the painstaking restoration process. Hieronimus Bob and a team of five artists took six weeks just to recreate the original paintings. Like the original, this Light Bus is enveloped with Hieronimus’ hand-painted symbols and psychedelic shapes that captured a unique moment of American culture.
Volkswagen of America got wind of the project and fully supported the search and restoration. Shortly thereafter, a team of VW fans jumped in to assist the duo.
So keep an eye out all you Real Americans, you Silent Majority. They’ll be coming to your town, reeking of “incense,” hair so long ya can’t tell the boys from the girls; bare feet, love beads, strange clothing, and “music” that’s part of the Communist conspiracy to drag us down to the level of the lesser races.
“It’s a living room on wheels that you can outfit any way you want, and transports you and your family, however you define family, wherever you want to go,” Chisholm said.
Tony Borroz has spent his entire life racing antique and sports cars. He is the author of Bricks & Bones: The Endearing Legacy and Nitty-Gritty Phenomenon of The Indy 500, available in paperback or Kindle format. Follow his work on Twitter: @TonyBorroz. 
VW Light Bus Gallery




















Photos & Source: Volkswagen of America, Inc.



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Welcome To The Club: Younger Generations Embrace Classic Cars

Welcome To The Club: Younger Generations Embrace Classic Cars Recent data shows Gen Xers and millennials are taking more of an interest in classic cars.
Muscle cars are the most desirable, with the Camaro, Corvette, and Mustang topping the list.
Despite the onset of autonomous vehicles, younger generations still appreciate going for a drive.  
“There’s an adage in Detroit,” writes author Tom Glatch in The Art of Mopar. “You can sell an old man a young man’s car but you can never sell a young man an old man’s car.”
Glatch describes how Dodge was an old man’s marquee sinking in a sea of youthful baby boomers in the 1960s. Although a vibrant spokeswoman, a brilliant designer, and a powerhouse car would later turn the tides. The 2015 film, A Faster Horse examines what Lee Iacocca and his team were doing across town at Ford with the Mustang, often in secret. A bold, unconventional model was needed if the car business should survive this new era on the horizon.
The muscle car era in the United States is well documented, but it began rather unassumingly. Pontiac Chief Engineer John Z. DeLorean, with Bill Collins and Russ Gee, bolted a 389 ci V8 onto a Tempest chassis prototype for the GTO. It took them 20 minutes. The muscle car era was born. The rest is history.
But history lives on.
Welcome To The Club
Today, the muscle and performance cars adored by baby boomers are finding traction with younger generations. Data from Hagerty shows for the first time ever, more Gen Xers and millennials are seeking classic vehicle values and insurance quotes via the company’s valuation tool. According to Hagerty, Gen Xers and millennials are now outpacing baby boomers and pre-boomers in this area by a 53 to 47 percent margin. Given current trends, millennials, who comprise the nation’s largest generation, will become the hobby’s biggest group within five years.
“This shift was inevitable given the combined size of these generations,” said McKeel Hagerty, CEO of Hagerty. “It’s great to see younger generations are just as crazy about cars as their parents and grandparents. We say ‘welcome to the club.'”
“I’m at the end of the baby boomer generation and I think it’s the same reason we had,” explained Ray Guarino, Co-Host of MotorMouth Radio on WHPC 90.3 FM, Garden City, New York. “It’s the nostalgia; the family ties we had with a car or car brand; and the overall cool factor the cars had at the time.”
1965 Ford Mustang fastback in front the Ford Pavilion at the 1964 World’s Fair in New York. Photo: Ford Motor Company.
Most Popular Models: Trucks Find Favor Too
While 1960s American iron (read: Mustang, Camaro, Corvette) enjoy a shared popularity among all generations, Hagerty’s data reveals both distinct and interesting differences. For example, the Ford Model A, which replaced the long-standing Model T, is the most popular car for pre-boomers born before 1946. Among millennials, however, the vehicle Edsel Ford himself championed falls to 38th place.
“History has shown that each generation embraces different cars but they also shun certain ones from the past,” Guarino said. “I know when I was a teenager, I didn’t want a Model A or a Packard or a Cord. I mean, those were old guy cars. But today I could see myself cruising in a Packard.”
Trucks and SUVs hold their own with younger enthusiasts especially. The C/K Series Chevrolet pickups of the 1970s and 80s are among the most desirable. Overall, Gen Xers and millennials are 35 percent more likely to opt for a classic truck or SUV versus pre-boomers and boomers.
“Vintage pickups offer a very affordable way into the hobby for a lot of collectors. It makes sense that as you move from older to younger enthusiasts you see pickups move up the list in popularity,” said John Wiley, Valuation Analyst for Hagerty. “Vehicles like the first-generation Ford Bronco stand out because they are very easy to maintain, and are easy to customize for those who like to add their personal touch.”
“I think we could definitely have more conversation on the appeal of vintage trucks,” Guarino added. “You’re starting to see a lot more of them at the auction and during cruise night.”
1987 Chevrolet C10 Silverado half-ton with a 305 cubic-inch (5.0L) Small-Block, fuel-injected V8. Photo: General Motors.
Related: Three proven ways to indulge your classic car hobby on a budget.
Video Games Influence The Trend
European and Japanese classics have their appeal too, but like the Model A, they are subject to specific generational tastes. For example, pre-boomers are three times more likely to seek information on British cars than millennials. German cars, however, remain equally popular across generations. Millennials have an appreciation for Japanese cars more so than any other generation.
Wiley says this is because millennials saw more of them on the road than prior generations.
“They also saw them in video games like Gran Turismo in 1997,” he explained. “The video games more familiar to Gen-X, such as Pong (1972), Pac-Man (1980), and even early driving games like Out Run (1986) did not feature Japanese cars.”
Turning Wrenches
As for why American muscle cars hold an almost universal appeal, the answer might be rather simple. Older muscle cars are powerful, affordable, and easier to work on than more modern vehicles.
“It comes down to the fact they look good and go fast,” Wiley said. “They have also been produced in relatively high numbers which means there are good examples in all budget ranges.”
“I can still work on my Pontiac; take it apart and rebuild it a thousand times and the metal is still good,” Guarino added. “With an autonomous car or an electric vehicle, that technology is new enough that we really haven’t reached the point of repairing them, let alone restoring them. I can see why people lease cars now because it’s getting harder to work on them.”

People Still Love Driving
Despite the onset of autonomous vehicles, not every young person is anti-driving. It’s possible the benefits touted by autonomous driving proponents lead to a false conclusion. Somehow, every member of the younger generation now perceives the car as a utilitarian device only. While some studies do show interest in driving is declining, others paint a different picture. Last year, for example, a Hagerty survey found that 78 percent of Gen Xers and 81 percent of millennials are passionate about driving.
Those findings are on par with baby boomers at 79 percent.
“It is important to separate commuting from driving when you are talking about the future of the automotive industry,” Wiley said. “This data proves that enthusiasm for cars and driving is not going to die with the baby boomer generation like some have speculated in the past.”
Evolving Ownership Models
Some of that speculation further stems from the automotive industry’s evolving ownership models, described by Guarino as “more hands-off.” Although rates are expected to increase this year, leasing remains a popular option for consumers. Automakers like Ford, General Motors, Volvo, and Mercedes-Benz are experimenting with subscription-based ownership methods. The idea is to create an ownership structure that better accommodates the tastes and desires of a new generation.
“We’re always looking to stay ahead of our customers’ needs and wants, as well as to bring new people to the brand,” said Dietmar Exler, President and CEO, MBUSA. “We know there is a market opportunity for people who would like the ability to move in and out of vehicles, depending on what they need or want at a particular point in time, or who don’t want to own a vehicle right now.”
And not owning a vehicle in the traditional sense may explain why younger generations are seeking out classic cars.
“Our data shows that some of the most passionate driving enthusiasts are also the most open to the idea of autonomous driving, ride-sharing services, and even subscription-based ownership models for new cars,” Wiley said. “But, they are equally passionate about making sure they will always have the ability to take a fun car out for a pleasure drive beyond their daily commute. There is a lot more room in the garage and the budget if owning a daily driver isn’t essential.”

Related: Do consumers trust autonomous cars? The answer might surprise you.
Slices of American Pie
Quality garage time may be another (and perhaps the most substantial) reason why younger generations are taking more of an interest in classic cars. In American culture, there is an ever-present image of a father and son working in the garage. These moments are forever ingrained into American life. Moments where fathers are dispensing advice to their children beyond how to properly care for an automobile. Entire generations have put into motion the ideals they absorbed with their elders in the family garage.
Perhaps in today’s social-media-obsessed, smartphone-driven world, the longing for a classic car is a return to better days? Perhaps younger generations still want to partake in the hobbies and interests of their elders? Many times those interests included automotive pursuits. Maybe it’s about curiosity or wanting to make something that is uniquely their own; in this case, a cool car.
Whatever the reasons, they are as good as any.
“I try to look at everything from the position of where did I come from,” Guarino said. “My friends and I bought clunker cars and built them up and threw different engines in them. We literally built our rides.”
Carl Anthony studies mechanical engineering at Wayne State University, serves on the Board of Directors for the Ally Jolie Baldwin Foundation, and is a loyal Detroit Lions fan. Before returning to school to digest math for hours on end, he simultaneously held product development and experiential marketing roles in the automotive industry. 



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Viaduct Elegy: Chapter 4: A Disaster Waiting to Happen

Viaduct Elegy: Chapter 4: A Disaster Waiting to Happen Viaduct Elegy is a four-part series from Automoblog feature columnist Tony Borroz, who broke the law in preparation for writing it. He is a Seattle native and author of The 2018 Indy 500 Notebook and Bricks & Bones: The Endearing Legacy and Nitty-Gritty Phenomenon of The Indy 500, available in paperback or Kindle format. Tony grew up in a sportscar-oriented family, but sadly, they were British cars. 
Finally, finally, finally they are tearing down the Alaskan Way Viaduct, a colossal, monumentally-ugly, seismically-catastrophic piece of transportation “infrastructure” that has been a scar on the face of Seattle for the better part of a friggin’ century.
And yesterday I walked on it at sunset with an old friend, apparently breaking the law.
Chapter One: “Walking With Blaine” here. 
Chapter Two: “The New Colossus” here.
And Chapter Three: “Streamlined Brutale” here. 
Viaduct Elegy: Chapter 4: A Disaster Waiting to Happen
. . . and then one day, in a sainted land by The Bay, the Earth began to shake.
The 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake flattened the Cypress Street Viaduct in Oakland, California and killed 42 people in the process. I heard the same people who designed and built the Cypress Street Viaduct in Oakland were the same people who made the Embarcadero Freeway in San Francisco and The Alaskan Way Viaduct in Seattle.
San Francisco glanced across The Bay, took one look at the smoking rubble that used to be the Cypress Street Viaduct in Oakland and said, “Right. We’re tearing ours down.” And they did. In eleven months, the San Francisco version of The Viaduct was completely removed. A bright, sunny, broad concourse of streets called The Embarcadero took its place.
The Alaskan Way Viaduct was an elevated freeway in Seattle that supported State Route 99. The double-deck freeway ran north and south, along the city’s waterfront for 2.2 miles, east of Alaskan Way and Elliott Bay, and between the West Seattle Freeway in SoDo and the Battery Street Tunnel in Belltown. Construction consisted of three phases from 1949 through 1959, with the first section opening on April 4th, 1953. Photo: Seattle Municipal Archives.
Ring of Fire
And here we are in Seattle, thirty years later, and The Alaskan Way Viaduct is still standing. This, this right here, is why Seattle is still a backwater town run by greedy rubes. San Francisco saw an immediate and clear danger to its citizens and took care of it in less than a year. Seattle had the same situation, almost the exact same situation, and it took them three decades to come up with a “solution.”
No wait, Seattle had it worse. Have I mentioned The Viaduct is built on a landfill? I didn’t mention it, and it is. The entire old downtown (Pioneer Square) of Seattle sits on rubble, jacked up 15 feet from the original ground level. It was a drainage and sewer problem that inspired a story of greed, willful stupidity, ineptitude, and poor planning. Known to be a sure-fire, bullseye of a bad deal in an earthquake from the start, Seattle still built and kept a seismically unstable roadway functioning for thirty years.
Seattle sits right on top of the third worst earthquake zone in the Pacific Rim of Fire. Tokyo and the Japanese home islands are number one. Los Angeles and San Francisco are tied for 2nd place (although it could be said that SF is worse, since it is directly on top of the San Andreas fault). And then there’s Seattle and the entirety of Puget Sound. The only thing that makes this surprising to some people (even the citizens and city planners of Seattle) is that quakes don’t happen all that frequently around here. That’s actually worse, from a seismic perspective.
And it is especially bad for Seattle, the downtown waterfront, and Pioneer Square in particular.
Pioneer Square, facing south from Smith Tower, in June of 1929. Photo: Item 3454, Engineering Department Photographic Negatives (Record Series 2613-07), Seattle Municipal Archives.
Day After Tomorrow
When the big one hits – and we haven’t even had a minor one for two decades – a major portion of one of the largest cities on the west coast will be razed from the face of the Earth. Flattened. No two ways about it; it’s not even up for debate. Pioneer Square is mostly unreinforced masonry and brick buildings, perched 15 feet above the real ground level. Our entire waterfront, from the Port of Seattle to Battery Street, is landfill. The big one will hit. The ground will liquefy. Like a massive vacuum, the waterfront will drop ten feet or so. The seawall will collapse and Puget Sound will pour in. Pioneer Square, as a whole, will shift back to its original street level nearly instantaneously.
And that’s when the brick walls will collapse.
This whole process will take less than a minute and will, effectively, level around 30 city blocks at a stroke.
It will be bad. It could, conceivably, stop Seattle from functioning as a city, for more than a year. Maybe even longer.
As far as The Viaduct is concerned, Seattle thinks it has this problem solved. Whereas both of those other little towns, Oakland and San Francisco, solved their problems within months, Seattle, after much thought, careful consideration and many, many studies came up with their solution three decades later: a tunnel!
That’s right.
Aerial view of the Alaskan Way Viaduct, circa 1970s. Item 76337, Forward Thrust Photographs (Record Series 5804-04), Seattle Municipal Archives.
Seattle Squeeze
Taking inspiration from Boston’s “Big Dig” (no, really) Seattle thought the best way to remove The Viaduct yet keep a north/south route was to bore a tunnel through the landfill. Whereas San Francisco made a broad, airy, sun-drenched Embarcadero that effortlessly caters to walkers and bikers and cars and trucks and light rail within a year, Seattle decided the better option was to make a tunnel that can accommodate four lanes of traffic. Four.
For the secondary north/south route in one of the most congested cities in the country.
Oh, and it will be a toll road too! They are going to charge you to drive this new tunnel roadway. And here’s the kicker: “This will not adversely affect surface traffic,” they claim. Seattle, after thirty years of screwing around with this, will drop the available lanes from six to four, charge you, then has the nerve to say traffic will actually improve for the entire region.
Imagine if your boss said, “We’re cutting your pay, and we’re charging you to cash your paycheck now, but don’t worry! It’ll actually be better for you!”
Ivory Towers
I was thinking over all of this – the design, the building, the maintenance, the modifications, the slow death of the road itself, the ugliness, the rampant greed and stupidity, all of it – as I walked over the crumbling road surface one sunny, January day. I lifted my eyes from a pothole the size of a toilet and looked up; up to a group watching us from high above on the balcony of their multi-million dollar condo in a new, repulsive building that wasn’t there a few years ago.
“This is all their fault,” I jokingly said to Blaine, pointing upward.
He laughed that same rueful laugh that all Seattleites have been laughing since the second boat of colonizers showed up.
“Yeah . . . sunset’s nice though.”
Follow Tony Borroz on Twitter: @TonyBorroz. For more historic photos of the Alaskan Way Viaduct and the city of Seattle, visit the Seattle Municipal Archive’s Flickr page. 



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Inside The 2018 Jeep Wrangler

Inside The 2018 Jeep Wrangler

The veil came off the 2018 Jeep Wrangler at the Los Angeles Auto Show, a vehicle that continues the brand’s lineage of off-road performance. The Wrangler 2-door is available in three different trims: Sport, Sport S, and Rubicon. The 4-door variant is available in those three as well, but adds a Sahara grade.
“Jeep has always represented the ultimate in capability and open-air freedom, and our all-new 2018 Wrangler protects that important legacy and takes it into the future,” explained Mike Manley, Head of Jeep Brand – FCA Global.
Manley summed up the new Jeep by saying it’s instantly recognizable but still holds true to its roots. The new Wrangler endured some of the most rigorous testing ever done by FCA, logging nearly 4 million miles in extreme weather conditions from Arizona to Alaska for months on end. Global testing consisted of locations in China, Brazil, India, Australasia, and Italy. It’s arguably the most well-equipped Wrangler in history – here is a detailed look at this machine from top to bottom.
Off-Road Prowess
With Jeeps the discussion starts where the pavement ends. The 2018 Wrangler is no exception, with dynamic 4×4 systems for all types of terrain. The Selec-Trac full-time, two-speed transfer case (a Wrangler first) seamlessly sends power to the front and rear wheels with no driver input. The Command-Trac 4×4 system features a two-speed transfer case with a 2.72:1 low-range gear ratio, and next-generation solid Dana front and rear axles with a 3.45 ratio. By comparison, Wrangler Rubicons get a Rock-Trac 4×4 system with heavy duty, next-generation Dana 44 front and rear axles, and a “4LO” ratio of 4:1. A 4.10 front and rear axle ratio is standard along with Tru-Lok locking differentials.
Both Command-Trac and Rock-Trac systems offer full-time torque management for additional grip and traction. An available Trac-Lok limited-slip rear differential is available for those routinely driving through sand, gravel, mud, snow or ice. Articulation and suspension travel improve with an electronic sway-bar disconnect.
Crawl ratio on the Wrangler Rubicon with the standard six-speed manual improves to 84.2:1. By comparison, Wrangler Rubicon models with the new eight-speed automatic have a 77.2:1 crawl ratio; Rubicons get 33-inch tires standard. Overall, the approach angle is 44 degrees, breakover angle is 27.8 degrees, departure angle is 37 degrees, and the ground clearance is 10.9 inches with up to 30 inches of water fording capability.
Photo: FCA US LLC.
Engine Lineup
The 2018 Jeep Wrangler will offer three different powertrains, including an upgraded version of FCA’s evergreen 3.6-liter Pentastar V6. The engine creates 285 horsepower and 260 lb-ft. of torque with an Engine Stop-Start function. The 3.0-liter EcoDiesel V6 and an entirely new 2.0-liter turbocharged inline four-cylinder are also available – and here is where it gets really interesting with regard to engine specifications.
Although it won’t be available until 2019, Wrangler 4-door buyers can opt for the 3.0-liter EcoDiesel with new turbocharging technology. The engine adds low-friction pistons to improve fuel economy and reduce emissions. Combustion optimization is aided by new injector nozzles, piston bowl, and glow plugs with integrated combustion pressure sensors. The 3.0-liter EcoDiesel, paired with the eight-speed automatic transmission, makes 260 horsepower and 442 lb-ft. of torque.
The new 2.0-liter turbocharged inline four-cylinder with eTorque technology makes 270 horsepower and 295 lb-ft. of torque. This plant is also mated to the new eight-speed automatic. The eTorque system is worth noting in that it functions like a hybrid. The technology employs auto stop/start, electric power assist, extended fuel shut-off, transmission shift management, intelligent battery charging, and regenerative braking to improve efficiency and performance.
Digging deeper, Jeep’s turbo plant is characterized by a twin-scroll, low-inertia turbocharger with an electronically actuated waste gate. The turbo is integrated with the cylinder head to improve longevity while a dedicated cooling circuit cuts the temperature of the intake air, throttle body, and the turbocharger itself. Direct injection enters the mix for additional performance, and a beefed-up fuel pump supplies the engine’s 2,900-psi high-pressure common-rail injection system. This makes for better fuel atomization and more precise fuel delivery when compared to port fuel-injection. Other technological high points on the engine come in the way of a dual overhead cam design with dual independent camshaft timing, and a cooled exhaust gas recirculation (C-EGR) system.
Photo: FCA US LLC.


Transmission Tech
The aforementioned six-speed manual transmission is standard on all Wrangler models equipped with the 3.6-liter Pentastar V6. New gear ratios (4.41 ratio spread) improve crawl performance while a revised gear layout and cable-operated design reduce noise, vibration, and harshness. Jeeps says the manual has a more comfortable shifting position and 50 percent shorter throws than the outgoing Wrangler for quicker acceleration and smoother shifts.
The eight-speed automatic was developed with all types of driving in mind. Jeep says it’s available on all Wrangler models and provides efficient, linear power delivery on the highway and over the trails. The auto box features a 4.7:1 first gear ratio and a 4.1:1 final drive ratio to balance acceleration and efficiency. There are two overdrive ratios and specific design characteristics within the transmission to again reduce noise, vibration, and harshness.
Essential Foundations
The engines and transmissions available for the new Wrangler go for a balance of performance and efficiency. Jeep’s body-on-frame approach is also striving for balance, providing enough rugged capability for the trails while keeping in mind things like ride, fuel economy, occupant safety, and comfort. Weight reduction was priority: high-strength aluminum closures, including the doors, door hinges, hood, fender flares, windshield frame, and a magnesium swing gate are found on the new Wrangler. Further weight savings comes from the hollow track and stabilizer bars, aluminum engine mounts and steering gear, and a revised master cylinder.
The five-link coil suspension returns, a configuration Jeep says is long proven. The front suspension consists of a lateral control arm, four longitudinal control arms, and full-width, forged steel track bars. The combination controls the axle’s lateral movement while keeping the angle changes to a minimum during off-road use. The raised roll center height and revised spring rates make for a better ride Jeep says. Out back, the five-link rear suspension contains two upper and two lower forged steel control arms and a track bar for lateral axle control. The control arms are located outside the frame rails; the rear shocks are splayed (angled inboard at the top) to provide consistent damping.
Finally, four different skid plates and bars are strategically positioned underneath to protect the fuel tank, transfer case, and the automatic transmission’s oil pan. Rubicon models even have heavy gauge tubular steel rock rails for added protection. Pretty nifty!
Photo: FCA US LLC.
Exterior & Interior Design
The new Wrangler follows the traditional Jeep design cues, especially when considering the vehicle’s overall aesthetic theme. It does, however, have a wider stance, lowered beltline, and larger windows for better outward visibility. The seven-slot grille returns (each slot represents one of the seven continents to show Jeep’s universal capability) but was modified to resemble the classic CJ with the outer slats intersecting the headlights.
The grille was positioned for better aerodynamic performance as was the windshield. A unique four bolt design at the top of the windshield’s frame allows it to fold down easily; a new header bar now connects the A-pillars and stays put even with the windshield down. This means the rearview mirror can remain in place with the windshield folded. Dozens of different door, top, and windshield combinations are available; a new half-door design will arrive in 2019. Jeep says the Sky One-Touch powertop feature, available in the second quarter of 2018, allows occupants to “retract the full-length open canvas roof with a push of a button.”
Designers wanted the interior to feel versatile, stylish, and intuitive with higher quality yet softer touch materials throughout. The center stack leans more vintage but compliments the redesigned center console where the gear shifter, transfer case, and parking brake reside. The essential controls, including the climate and volume settings, charging and connectivity ports, and push-button start are all within reach. There are plenty of storage pockets for personal items as well.
Owners can choose between cloth or leather-contoured seats with accent stitching, adjustable bolsters, and lumbar support. The seats, along with the steering wheel, can be heated if buyers so choose. The door trim panels are softer to the touch and the arm rests are even a little longer. The latest generation of FCA’s Uconnect system is Apple CarPlay and Android Auto compatible, with a number of other entertainment and navigation features. The new Uconnect platform promises enhanced processing power, faster startup times, and sharper graphics.
Pricing & Availability
The 2018 Jeep Wrangler is expected in January with pricing information forthcoming. Jeeps have been assembled in Toledo, Ohio for over 75 years, beginning with the Willys-Overland military models. The Jeep Wrangler was added to the Toledo portfolio in 1992, with more than 2 million Wranglers having rolled off the line since then.
Carl Anthony is Managing Editor of Automoblog and resides in Detroit, Michigan. 





Photos & Source: FCA US LLC.



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2017 Los Angeles: The Mazda6 finally gains turbocharged power

2017 Los Angeles: The Mazda6 finally gains turbocharged power After years of soldiering on with only naturally-aspirated four-cylinder, the 2018 Mazda6 finally gains turbo power.
What’s going on?
Ever since the current and excellent Mazda6 sedan came out back in 2012, it only came in America with a sole 2.5-liter naturally-aspirated SKYACTIV-G gasoline four-cylinder. After what seems like much begging and expressed desire to fit the Mazda6 with the latest turbo-four found in the current CX-9, Mazda finally answered that call.
Revealed at the 2017 Los Angeles Auto Show, Mazda introduced some major updates to the 2018 Mazda6 flagship sedan. One of those changes includes a new option for turbo power!

The Mazda6 gets blown
As we hoped, the new Mazda6 can now be equipped with the same 2.5-liter turbocharged SKYACTIV-G four-cylinder that debuted in the current CX-9 crossover, all 250 horsepower and 310 pound-feet of torque, on 93 octane. Mazda says the engine produces 227 horsepower on regular 87, but why would you want to do that?
Unfortunately, Mazda only offers a six-speed automatic with the 2.5-liter four. Though the company says that its torque converter remains locked throughout most of its function, providing a more connected feel between the drivetrain and the automatic.
There are chassis and suspension tweaks too
To handle the extra power, Mazda also applied some tweaks and adjustments to the chassis and suspension. For instance, the Mazda6 benefits from chassis and body reinforcements in the form of thicker sheetmetal in the rear wheel wells, extra bracing, and larger suspension trailing link mounts to reduce noise, vibration, and harshness levels and increase overall stiffness. The suspension geometry is revised to accommodate the extra power and reinforcements, which Mazda promises a smoother and more refined ride with improved handling dynamics.
The exterior and interior gain updates as well

Ushering in the new turbocharged engine and other revisions underneath the Mazda6’s skin are changes to the interior and exterior presentations as well. For instance, the infotainment screen is reconfigured, featuring a 7.0-inch TFT gauge display for upper-tier trims.
The seats and dashboard are also redesigned for a refreshed appearance and look, though the Mazda6’s easy, simple, and smart layout remains. The changes all appear to give the Mazda6 a more upscale appearance and look, reflecting the company’s new motives to move more upmarket.
The 2018 Mazda6 is due to go on sale in spring of 2018.
– By: Chris Chin
2017 LA: 2018 Mazda6 Photo Gallery























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2017 Los Angeles: The 2018 Nissan Kicks replaces the Nissan Juke

2017 Los Angeles: The 2018 Nissan Kicks replaces the Nissan Juke Nissan revealed its far more conservative replacement for the quirky, odd, and fun Juke compact crossover in Los Angeles.
What’s going on?
Nissan seized the spotlight of the 2017 Los Angeles International Auto Show to reveal an all-new replacement for the beloved Juke entry-level crossover. Meet the 2018 Nissan Kicks, a far more vanilla and toned-down compact crossover. It’s the first model to receive a new name in Nissan’s lineup in over eight years, joining the company’s current line of crossovers, comprising of the Murano, Rogue, and Rogue Sport.
“As the gateway to Nissan’s adventure-ready sport-utility portfolio – joining Rogue Sport, Rogue, Murano, Pathfinder and Armada – Kicks is designed to fit the needs of singles or couples looking for expressive styling, personal technology, smart functionality and advanced safety features at an affordable price starting well under $19,000,” said Dan Mohnke, senior vice president of Nissan USA’s sales and marketing operations.














The 2018 Nissan Kicks revealed at the 2017 LA Auto Show. Photos - Nissan




What’s kickin’ with it?
Styled to mimic a Rogue, but smaller, the new Nissan Kicks embodies the company’s latest design language. For instance, the new Kicks features a two-tone paint theme that basically makes the roof appear to be “floating,” thanks to the blacked-out A-, B-, and C-pillars. Depending on the Kick’s configuration, the roof can be either color-matching to the body, or black. It also incorporates Nissan’s latest V-Motion common grille, and “boomerang” wraparound headlights.
Such design features were first featured on the latest Murano and Maxima.
As you’d expect from a crossover meant to cater to the masses and their basic needs, the Kicks, like many of its competitors, comes well-equipped with features like automatic headlights, Apple CarPlay and ANdroid Auto, an optional Bose sound system, and lots of passive and active safety assistants. FOr instance, the Kicks features an optional 360-degree camera view, dubbed Intelligent Around View Monitor.
Everything the typical and general crossover buyer needs.
Power is also in the neighborhood of everything else in its class–a 1.6-liter naturally-aspirated gasoline four, mated to a CVT automatic transmission, an arrangement lifted from the outgoing Juke. Except power is rated at 125 horsepower and 115 pound-feet of torque, versus the Juke’s 188hp and 177 lb-ft.
Pricing details aren’t yet available, though Nissan confirmed there will be three trim levels: Kicks S, Kicks SV, and Kicks SR, all with varying degrees of equipment. The pricing details will be revealed closer to the Kicks’ launch date in spring of 2018.
– By: Chris Chin
2017 Los Angeles: 2018 Nissan Kicks Photo Gallery
































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